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Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate | High-Quality Green Vitriol for Multiple Fields
Apr 17 2026
Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate | High-Quality Green Vitriol for Multiple Fields
Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate (FeSO₄·7H₂O), commonly known as green vitriol or copperas, is a widely used inorganic ferrous salt. With its unique reducibility, excellent flocculation and high bioavailability of iron, it has become a core basic raw material in various fields such as environmental protection, agriculture, industry and medicine. Our company has been deeply engaged in the trade of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate for many years. Relying on high-quality supply chain resources and strict quality control, we select high-purity, low-impurity and stable high-quality products to accurately meet the needs of customers in various industries and help the green and efficient development of the industry.

Product Overview

Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is a ferrous sulfate compound containing seven crystal waters, with the molecular formula FeSO₄·7H₂O, molecular weight 278.01 and CAS number 7782-63-0. It appears as blue-green monoclinic crystals and is the most common form of ferrous salt in nature. As an important carrier of iron, its core value lies in the key role of iron in the life activities of animals and plants and industrial production — iron is an important component of hemoglobin and cytochrome in the human body, animals and plants, participating in core life processes such as oxygen transport and energy metabolism. At the same time, it is also a basic raw material for the synthesis of iron-based products, water treatment and purification, and pigment preparation in industrial production, building an important bridge between inorganic chemistry and ecological environmental protection, life health and industrial manufacturing.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate appears as blue-green monoclinic crystals or particles, odorless and tasteless, loose and easy to dissolve, convenient for storage and application in various scenarios. Its physical and chemical properties are both stable and unique, which are specifically manifested as follows:
  • Solubility: Easily soluble in water, with a solubility of 25.6g/100ml at 20℃ and 48.6g/100ml at 50℃, slightly soluble in ethanol and glycerol, insoluble in ketones. It has fast dissolution speed and good dispersibility, and its aqueous solution is acidic (pH value of 50mg/mL solution is 3.0-4.0 at 25℃), suitable for various process requirements;
  • Thermal stability: It will gradually weather and lose crystal water in dry air, lose 3 molecules of crystal water at 56.6℃, become monohydrate at 65～90℃, completely lose all crystal water to form anhydrous ferrous sulfate at 300℃, and decompose to release sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide above 480℃. Attention should be paid to controlling temperature and avoiding high-temperature environment during use;
  • Other properties: Relative density 1.898, melting point 64℃, strong reducibility, easy to be oxidized to brownish-yellow basic ferric sulfate by moist air, and chemically active. It reacts with alkali to form ferrous hydroxide precipitate, and reacts with barium salt to form barium sulfate precipitate, which is convenient for subsequent process treatment. At the same time, it has certain corrosiveness, so protective measures should be taken during operation.

Core Application Fields

Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate has a wide range of uses, covering environmental protection, agriculture, industry, medicine and other fields. With its advantages of high purity, low cost and diverse functions, it has become the preferred raw material for various industries. The specific applications are as follows:

Environmental Protection Field

As an efficient and economical water treatment agent, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is widely used in municipal sewage and industrial wastewater treatment. The ferrous hydroxide colloid produced by its hydrolysis can adsorb and trap suspended particles and colloidal substances in water, effectively reducing water turbidity. At the same time, ferrous ions can react with phosphate in wastewater to form insoluble ferric phosphate precipitate, controlling water eutrophication. It can also be used for the detoxification treatment of high-concentration copper-containing, cyanide-containing and high-phosphorus wastewater, replacing traditional water purifiers such as alum, with better purification effect and lower cost. In addition, it can also be used for waste gas treatment to assist in removing sulfur dioxide from flue gas and reducing pollutant emissions.

Agricultural Field

Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is an important trace element fertilizer and a common iron supplement in feed, with outstanding cost performance. In agricultural planting, for iron-sensitive crops such as fruit trees, flowers, soybeans and rice, alkaline soil is prone to cause iron deficiency chlorosis ("yellow leaf disease") in plants. By applying ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to the soil or spraying it on the leaves, it can provide divalent iron that is easy for plants to absorb, quickly correct iron deficiency symptoms, promote chlorophyll synthesis, improve plant growth conditions, and significantly increase crop yield and quality. At the same time, it can neutralize alkaline soil and accelerate the decomposition of farm manure; in livestock and poultry breeding, as a feed additive, it can supplement the iron needed in animals, prevent iron deficiency anemia, growth retardation and other problems, and ensure breeding benefits.

Industrial Field

As a basic chemical raw material, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate has diverse application scenarios. In the pigment industry, it is the core raw material for preparing iron-based pigments such as iron oxide red and iron oxide yellow. The product has low cost and stable quality, and is widely used in coatings, inks, building materials and other fields; in the metallurgical industry, it can be used to prepare industrial iron powder, and high-purity iron powder can be obtained through reduction roasting and other processes for mechanical manufacturing and other fields; in other industrial scenarios, it can also be used as a mordant in the printing and dyeing industry, a preservative for wood preservation, a reducing agent in chemical synthesis reactions, and also for polymerization catalysts, photoengraving, etc., providing multiple support for industrial production.

Medical and Emerging Fields

In the medical field, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is an important raw material for preparing iron supplements, which can be used for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in humans, effectively increasing the number of reticulocytes and hemoglobin, with definite curative effect, economy and convenience. It can also be used for the preparation of external preparations to assist in relieving skin inflammation. In emerging fields, with industrial upgrading, its application is constantly expanding. In the field of new energy batteries, it can be used as a precursor of battery materials to help the research and development of energy storage batteries; in the preparation of nanomaterials, Fe₂O₃ nanomaterials can be synthesized by hydrothermal method, which are applied in photocatalysis, sensors and other fields, showing broad application prospects.

Product Quality Standards

The ferrous sulfate heptahydrate supplied by our company strictly complies with national and industry standards (core basis: GB/T 664-2020 "Chemical Reagents - Ferrous Sulfate Heptahydrate"), covering multiple specifications such as industrial grade, agricultural grade, feed grade and reagent grade, which can be accurately allocated and supplied according to customer needs. The core quality indicators are as follows (taking superior products as an example):
Indicator Name
Industrial Grade
Agricultural Grade
Main Content (calculated as FeSO₄·7H₂O)
≥99.0%
≥97.0%
Iron (Fe) Content
≥19.7%
≥19.0%
Water Insoluble Substances
≤0.02%
≤0.2%
Lead (Pb) Content
≤0.001%
≤0.002%
Cadmium (Cd) Content
≤0.001%
≤0.002%
Zinc (Zn) Content
≤0.003%
≤0.005%
Note: Feed grade and food grade products need to meet stricter hygiene standards with lower heavy metal limits; reagent grade products (GB/T 664-2020) have an analytical pure main content of ≥99.5%, which can meet the needs of laboratories and high-end applications. All supplied products comply with environmental emission requirements and are safer to use.

Supply Chain Advantages and Quality Assurance

Our company has a high-quality and stable supply chain system. Having been deeply engaged in the industry for many years, we have selected a number of high-quality manufacturers with complete qualifications and advanced technology to establish long-term strategic cooperation, directly purchase ferrous sulfate heptahydrate products, eliminate intermediate circulation links, and ensure the cost performance advantage of products. We implement strict incoming inspection procedures for each batch of purchased products, control product quality throughout the process, ensure that the products delivered to customers meet national and industry standards, and prevent unqualified products from entering the market.
We have established a complete quality control and after-sales service system, equipped with professional technical and quality inspection teams, and standardized and standardized management in every link from product procurement, inspection, warehousing to distribution; at the same time, we provide customers with professional product consultation, selection guidance and after-sales follow-up services, respond to customer needs in a timely manner, solve various problems in the process of customer use, and win the trust and support of customers in various industries with reliable product quality and efficient services.


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